THE HISTORY OF TIME MEASUREMENT

Measuring is comparing an unknown quantity with a known quantity to determine how many times the unknown quantity contains the unit. We all know sequentially what an hour, a minute, a second, a day, a month, a year, etc. are. Clocks measure time by counting periodic intervals. 

The Ancients realized the periodicity of some phenomena, such as the movements of the Earth and the Moon, and thus discovered time. 

Some argue that time is what clocks measure, but they also claim that clocks measure time, which constitutes a circularity. However, the truth is that time is the physical magnitude that continually increases in value due to the duration of beings and their changes. Clocks do not discriminate between day and night. 

In ancient times, the first clocks appeared: the sundial, the hourglass, and water clocks. The latter are called clepsydras. But the sundial was only useful during the day. 

Mechanical and pendulum clocks emerged in the Middle Ages. In the 20th century, quartz clocks appeared, and finally, atomic clocks emerged. Another classification of clocks is hands-on clocks and digital or numeric clocks.

Elvis Sibilia, Florida, United States 

PHILOCHRONY: THE LANGUAGE OF TIME. HOW DO WE PROCESS TIME

The processing of time is similar to how we acquire concepts. Through a process of intuition, we abstract the duration of beings. Duration is the permanence of beings and their changes in reality in a given place and state. We record this abstraction in memory. 

In time measurements, we associate numbers with abstractions of duration. In language, we associate words with the abstraction of objects. The language of time is through a number and a unit of time that has been abstracted. 

From Philochrony, some concepts have emerged, such as the becoming-duration duality, magnitive time, the parallelochron, Philochrony, etc.

Clocks, calendars and the diary are tools of Philochrony; although time is a physical magnitude.

Elvis Sibilia, Florida, United States 

HOW DO WE PERCEIVE TIME?

This article should really have been called "How do we become aware of time?" Because time is not perceived. Through a process of intuition, we abstract the duration of beings. Duration is the permanence of beings and their changes in reality in a given place or state. 

We perceive becoming, but not time. Becoming is the continuous succession of irreversible changes that go from the past to the future, passing through the present.

We record this abstraction in our memory. In time measurements, we associate numbers with abstractions of duration. For some people, time is an illusion, but time is a physical magnitude and therefore not an illusion.

 In ancient times, people determined the duration of the day and divided it into 24 hours. We don't have a sense for perceiving duration. We also abstract duration from the aging and material deterioration of beings.

 In conclusion, we do not mean here to say that time is a product of the mind because time is a physical entity and therefore real.

Elvis Sibilia, Florida, United States