WHAT DO WE PERCEIVE AS TIME?

The answer to this question depends on how we perceive time:

a) changes are sensitive (becoming) and,
b) intervals (duration) and measurements (time) are intelligible.

The becoming is the inherent property of matter and bodies to experience changes. The duration is the term or continuity of beings and phenomena in reality: the world and the universe. The time is the interval or distance between two moments. The becoming-time is the continuous succession of ordered moments from beginning to end. No becoming no duration, no duration no time.

The concepts of becoming, duration and time are intelligible and their actions or manifestations are changes.

Notes:
1- The transreality is the set of abstract nouns.
2- The transchrony is the intelligibility of becoming-time and duration.
3- In general, all concepts are abstract, but concrete have a tangible reference.

Elvis Sibilia Hernández

THE FUNDAMENTAL MAGNITUDES

A magnitude is the quantity of a particular property. The fundamental magnitudes are: length, mass and time. According to their nature magnitudes can be: physical, geometrical and philochron. The length, mass, force, speed, etc. are physical magnitudes. In geometry are magnitudes: length, area, volume, pi, angle, etc.

The adjective philochron means:
- relative to Philochrony
- All last, long or short, but last.

Thus we say that time is a philochron magnitude because this is the magnitude of the duration. Time is not a physical magnitude because it is not tangible.

Let's consider the following relation:

ELEMENT     PROPERTY     MAGNITUDE
space           extension        length
matter         mass               weight
becoming     duration          time

TIME: ABSTRACT DISTANCE

Time is the perception of becoming, as well as the color is the perception of the wavelength of visible spectrum (light). Both are objective, but differ in that the color is particular and the time is abstract. A certain amount of time "t" is the product of an objective abstraction. The becoming-time duality is analogous to the wavelength-color duality (light). We already know that the first one is called duration. 

The interpretation of the colors and their relation to emotions are subjective. Emotions can also affect time. Time seems to pass faster when we are happy or distracted than when we are sad or waiting for something. 

When we think about an hour, we do not remember everything that it happened in that period, but we abstract the distance or interval between the beginning and the end of the hour. Time is an abstract but objective distance; the space is concrete. With age it makes easier to us to abstract longer time periods each time.

THE TIME SYMBOL

When we talk about activity in Philochrony we refer to the CAOP (continuous activity with orderly pace). 
The CAOP is inherent to time. 

When we see this symbol we must remember that in a time interval there is no distance or space, but activity. 

NOTES: 
- The apex of the A points to 12:00. 
- The opposite ends to the apex point at 5:00 and 7:00 respectively. 
- The center line marks 9:16.

THE INTERVAL IN THE PHILOCHRONY

An interval is the distance between two points in space or time. The definition given by dictionaries about interval is incorrect, because in the time there can be no space or distance, but continuous activity (CA) with orderly pace (OP). This is the CAOP. In a time interval there is activity, no space. The space alone is motionless. The CAOP is manifested in all phenomena: physical, chemical, biological, meteorological, etc. The measure of time (duration) does not measure distance, measures the CAOP. 

Examples of CAOP are astronomical cycles: 
- The succession of day and night. 
- The succession of the seasons in the year. 
- The phases of the Moon. 
Conventionally, we have the succession of days and months (names). 

In all processes we find the CAOP. This is an universal principle. This explanation is to establish the difference between the intervals of space and time. In the space bodies move from one place to another and in the time beings pass from one moment to another.

THE SIGNS OF SPACE AND TIME

Peircean Philochrony (Charles S. Peirce)

Types of images or signs: icons, indexes and symbols 

- The icon is similar to the object. 
- The index is directly related to the object. 
- The symbol is given by a law or convention. 
- All words are symbols. 

SPACE 

The space (icon)

Coordinate axis (index) 

Dimensions (Index) 

----------------------------> Direction and sense. 

TIME

The Clock (icon and index) 

Calendar (Index) 

The law of the senses (index) 

........ B-A
b----------------->p<---------------- 
........ past .... becoming ... future

Note that an arrow in the space indicates direction and sense, but in the time indicates only sense.

LAW OF THE SENSES (--><--)

According to the mathematical law of the senses time flows from the future to the present or becoming of moments (<----), but events are presented to us in a direction from the past to the present or to the future (---->). When we think about an event that happened we project to the past and when we think about an event will happen after now we project to the future.

......... B-A
b----------------->p<---------------- 
........ past .... becoming ... future

b is beginning, p is present, B is before and A is after. Present is a flowing and dimensionless point that the subject projects to the past or to the future. The becoming is the present. The whole scheme integrates the becoming-time.