The Theory of Relativity: time dilation
Starting point: In all frames of reference "the succession of moments is continuous and irreversible." This defines time.
1 - Experiment with atomic clocks on planes:
Two clocks are synchronized. One is placed in a plane that takes flight and the other remains on the ground.
2 - Light Clocks (mental experiment):
Two clocks that have two opposite mirrors are compared. A photon bounces from one mirror to another. One of the clocks are moving at nearly the speed of light.
3 - Twins Paradox (mental experiment):
An astronaut flying on his ship for ten years in space. His twin brother stays on Earth. Both have thirty years old. The astronaut flies ten years to 260,000 Km/s. Then comes back to Earth in another ten years. When he returns is fifty years old and when he meets with his brother he realizes that his brother has aged forty years and has reached seventy years.
In these three cases the time passes inexorably from past to future regardless of the reference frame in which the observer is located or clocks. The measure of clocks is related directly to the duration, not time. Time does not change its nature, it is invariable. The time travel would change his nature.
The Theory of Inexorability unifies the Newton's time and the Einstein's time.
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